When and How to Change HVAC Filters

With all of the responsibilities of homeownership, it's easy to overlook something as basic as replacing your HVAC filter. But this small task plays a huge role in the efficiency of your system and the air quality of your home.

Learn why changing your HVAC filter matters, the types of filters available, and how often you should replace them.

Why It's Important to Regularly Change Your HVAC Filter

• Improve your home's air quality: Dirty filters can't effectively trap dust, pollen, mold spores, and other allergens, which may worsen allergies or asthma.
• Increase energy efficiency: A clean filter allows air to flow freely, helping your system use less energy and lowering your utility bills.
• Extend the life of your HVAC system: Less strain on your system means fewer breakdowns and a longer lifespan.
• Prevent costly repairs: Regular filter changes help prevent dirt buildup that can damage internal components.
• Maintain consistent home temperature: Efficient airflow means more reliable heating and cooling throughout your home.

Types of HVAC Filters

• HEPA Filters: High-efficiency filters with MERV ratings of 17–20. Trap 95%+ of particles as small as 0.3 microns. Ideal for homes with severe allergies or respiratory conditions. May require system modifications.
• Electrostatic Filters: Use self-charging fibers to attract particles. MERV ratings between 2–10. Available in washable versions for long-term savings.
• Pleated Filters: Common and effective, with MERV ratings from 5–8. Great for pet owners and those with mild allergies. Slightly restrict airflow.
• Fiberglass Filters: MERV 1–4. Low cost and maximum airflow but offer minimal filtration. Suitable only if air quality isn’t a concern.

How Often Should You Change Your HVAC Filter?

• Have ongoing construction nearby
• Live on a farm or near a large garden
• Use a fireplace
• Live in a windy area without natural windbreaks
• Have pets
• Smoke indoors
• Have family members with respiratory issues
• Run your HVAC system over 6 months per year
• Live in a highly populated home

How to Change Your HVAC Filter

• Buy the correct filter type and size.
• Turn off the HVAC unit.
• Clean dust around the unit before and after replacing the filter.
• Install the new filter according to the unit and filter packaging instructions.
• Check for gaps around the filter frame.
• Secure seals, gaskets, or levers if present.
• Turn the unit back on and verify the filter stays in place.
• Record the replacement date to maintain a regular schedule.